October is Breast Cancer Awareness Month

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women and, unfortunately, one of the leading causes of death. While this paints a grim picture, the fact that we have screening methods and the chance for complete recovery if detected early allows for a more optimistic outlook.

Normally, a single ‘day’ is set aside to raise awareness about an issue, but breast cancer awareness spans an entire ‘month.’ This is because it poses a significant risk for much of the population, and we have strong tools for early detection and treatment.

When discussing breast health, the first thing that comes to mind is a woman establishing a routine of self-breast examination. Starting from her early menstruation years, a woman should examine both breasts and armpits, standing and lying down, after each menstrual cycle. The aim of this practice is to familiarize oneself with the breast tissue, so any changes can be quickly detected, prompting a visit to the doctor (family physician, general surgeon). After menopause, self-examination should continue, marking a specific day each month to carry out the check.

Even if no abnormalities are detected during self-exams, women between the ages of 25-30 should visit a doctor for a breast check-up at least once. From the age of 30, a clinical examination is recommended every two years. Any signs of a lump, asymmetry, nipple retraction, skin changes, or nipple discharge should be immediately brought to a doctor’s attention. Women with a family history of breast cancer, regardless of age, should undergo regular breast exams and follow their doctor’s recommendations for check-ups.

Self-examination is the most crucial step in identifying any breast disease. When visiting the doctor for routine checks or any concerns, they will review your personal and family medical history, conduct a physical exam, and, if needed, order diagnostic tests such as breast ultrasound, mammography, breast MRI, or biopsy. Diagnosis and treatment methods are always tailored to the individual.

Breast cancer screening, separate from complaints or family history, aims to check all women in society for breast cancer. Mammography, conducted annually or every two years from the age of 40, is the most common, easily accessible, and affordable method for early detection of breast cancer. Yes, mammography does expose us to radiation, but there is no better alternative yet. The belief that mammography is painful is outdated; modern digital devices minimize discomfort. So, let’s not avoid mammography and ensure we undergo necessary screenings on time.

One of the most important yet often overlooked topics is how to prevent breast cancer. While there are specific causes for some cancers, adopting a healthy lifestyle is key to preventing all cancers. Eating healthily, drinking enough water, getting good sleep, exercising, and managing stress are our strongest tools in preventing diseases, including cancer. Estrogen exposure is the most well-known cause of breast cancer. Plastics, cosmetics, pesticides, and various chemicals in our modern world can disrupt our hormones and trigger breast cancer. Therefore, we should aim to use clean products in all aspects of life—from food to clothing to cosmetics—and reduce our exposure to toxins wherever possible.

As in every aspect of life, balance is essential in health. The key is to do our best to protect our health without turning this effort into stress. By making small, gradual changes day by day, we can maintain our health. Stay healthy.